Why it matters
IANA manages the root zone database, which records each top-level domain and its operator. Every lookup for a domain begins at this level before moving down to the extension, then to the name. You will not edit the root zone as a buyer or seller. It matters when you judge a new extension, because a string only works if it is delegated in the root. For example, new extensions from the 2026 round must be added to the root before sales can begin. Common mistake: assuming a new extension will work everywhere right away, when email and apps may lag.
Source: iana.org